Rejection Cost. From the perspective that my profit is someone else’s loss, and someone else’s profit is my loss, the fact that I have to reject an opportunity to make money for my circumstances is a loss for me and an act of giving someone else a profit. In other words, my added value is not determined solely by productivity but also by the marginal utility generated by the law of supply and demand. Therefore, my labor price should reflect the value that I have given up—the profit I could have gained. If the rejection cost is not included in my profit, I will be at a loss to that extent. Failing to account for rejection costs in production expenses is not wise, but foolish, because it risks my survival. There is no absolute value in this world. All economic values are relative. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”
Certificates are often more valuable in proving "there is none" than in proving "there is one." For example, a birth certificate is more beneficial in proving the only person in the world by proving an unborn existence like him or her than in proving the person's existence. That is, proof of absence is more valuable than proof of existence. We don't know where value comes from. What is the real element of our existence and our occupation? - Joseph's "just my thoughts"