If you’re alone on an uninhabited island, you don’t need money; you only need resources and labor to process those resources for survival. In other words, there’s no need for an exchange-based economy. The exchange of goods led to the development of an economic system that dramatically increases efficiency and productivity. The monetary system was created because society consists of many people living together. To facilitate exchange, value had to be measured, and a price assigned to that value. The foundation of wealth is built on production and exchange. We all rely on others to survive. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”
In business, capital means business funds. A successful entrepreneur often says, "I started my business without any capital". It's partly true, but it's a lie. The entrepreneur just said that capital means only cash. However, all kinds of businesses need to be fundamentally business funds in any even not cash. The entrepreneur didn't count the founder's labor cost. No inputs, no outcomes. The uncounted labor costs are called "alternative costs" or "opportunity costs". This comes from comparative advantage. If the entrepreneur doesn't accept the uncounted labor cost as a debt, the entrepreneur is equivalent to losing the profit due to opportunity costs. Please always remember this. There is no free lunch in this world. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”