When building a wall with stones, the large stones are stacked, the small stones are filled in the gaps, and the spaces between the stones are filled with smaller stones and the final layer of sand. Although the elements that make up the wall vary in size, their roles are fixed, and each performs its part. None of them is useless. Management is the act of bringing together different characteristics and harmonizing them into one. There is no one worse than me; there is only me who ignores others. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”
In business, capital means business funds. A successful entrepreneur often says, "I started my business without any capital". It's partly true, but it's a lie. The entrepreneur just said that capital means only cash. However, all kinds of businesses need to be fundamentally business funds in any even not cash. The entrepreneur didn't count the founder's labor cost. No inputs, no outcomes. The uncounted labor costs are called "alternative costs" or "opportunity costs". This comes from comparative advantage. If the entrepreneur doesn't accept the uncounted labor cost as a debt, the entrepreneur is equivalent to losing the profit due to opportunity costs. Please always remember this. There is no free lunch in this world. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”